Systeme d'exploitation Debian 7

De Hegyd Doc.

Version du 27 novembre 2014 à 11:25 (modifier) Pentasonic (discuter | contributions) (→Debian 7 ( Wheezy)) ← Modification précédente		Version du 23 mars 2015 à 15:59 (modifier) (défaire) Pentasonic (discuter | contributions) (→Debian 7 ( Wheezy)) Modification suivante →
Ligne 196 :		Ligne 196 :
	UUID=6f7256e5-a5e3-4019-9f08-c582c20ffceb /boot ext2    defaults 0 2		UUID=6f7256e5-a5e3-4019-9f08-c582c20ffceb /boot ext2    defaults 0 2
	/dev/mapper/vg_vm-home        /home            ext4    defaults,noatime,barrier=0 0 2		/dev/mapper/vg_vm-home        /home            ext4    defaults,noatime,barrier=0 0 2
-	/dev/mapper/vg_algorel-tmp    /tmp              ext4    defaults,noatime,barrier=0 0 2	+	/dev/mapper/vg_algorel-tmp    /tmp              ext4    defaults,noatime,noexec,barrier=0 0 2
	/dev/mapper/vg_algorel-var    /var              ext4    defaults,noatime 0 2		/dev/mapper/vg_algorel-var    /var              ext4    defaults,noatime 0 2
	</pre>		</pre>

---

Version du 23 mars 2015 à 15:59

Sommaire 1 Debian 7 ( Wheezy) 2 Pare feu 3 Installation paquets clients 3.1 UTF-8 client / serveur 4 Serveur de cache DNS local 5 Monitoring / Supervision 6 Sauvegarde

Debian 7 ( Wheezy)

• Modification du mot de passe root si nécessaire

passwd

• Installer les paquets de base :

aptitude update && aptitude upgrade
aptitude -y install bash-completion ntp sudo htop telnet sysstat subversion git less vim-nox cscope exuberant-ctags

NB : si l'apt-get essaie de passer en ipv6 et que cela ne fonctionne pas, il faut modifier la ligne 54 du fichier /etc/gai.conf de la façon suivante :

precedence ::ffff:0:0/96  100

• Paramétrer les locales :

echo -n > /etc/environment
echo -n > /etc/default/locale

• Paramétrer debconf :

apt-get install dialog &&
echo "debconf debconf/priority        select high" | debconf-set-selections &&
echo "debconf debconf/frontend        select Dialog" | debconf-set-selections

• Définir vim comme éditeur par défaut

update-alternatives --set editor /usr/bin/vim.nox

• Cloner le depot sys-common

mkdir /usr/local/share/hegyd ~/.ssh
echo -e "Host git.hegyd.net\n\tStrictHostKeyChecking no\n" >> ~/.ssh/config
git clone -q git@git.hegyd.net:sys-common /usr/local/share/hegyd/sys-common
chmod -R g+rw /usr/local/share/hegyd

• Ajouter une version prédéfinie de VimRC

ln -s /usr/local/share/hegyd/sys-common/vim/vimrc_hegyd /etc/vim/vimrc.local

• Ajouter le script d'alerte des reboot

sed -i '/^exit 0/i\/usr\/local\/share\/hegyd\/sys-common\/bin\/alert-reboot' /etc/rc.local

• Paramétrer l'environnement utilisateur

sed -i '32,38s/^#//' /etc/bash.bashrc
cat >> /etc/bash.bashrc <<EOF

export LS_OPTIONS='--color=auto'
eval "\`dircolors\`"
alias ls='ls \$LS_OPTIONS'
alias ll='ls \$LS_OPTIONS -l'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
EOF

• Modifier le shell par défaut des utilisateurs en éditant la lignes suivante du fichier "/etc/default/useradd" :

sed -i 's/^SHELL=\/bin\/sh/SHELL=\/bin\/bash/' /etc/default/useradd

• Gestion du Umask

sed -i 's/^UMASK\s\+022/UMASK    002/' /etc/login.defs
echo "session optional pam_umask.so" >> /etc/pam.d/common-session
echo "session optional pam_umask.so" >> /etc/pam.d/common-session-noninteractive

• Création des groupes par défaut

userdel -r user1 #user créé pendant l'installation
groupadd -g 1000 dev
groupadd -g 1001 grsec
groupadd -g 1002 fwadmin
groupadd -g 1003 adm-projects
groupadd -g 1004 wheel

• Ajouter les utilisateurs opérateurs

mkdir /root/.ssh
#echo "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCuRlmYABWijWEroDcFcTqnqy0eyDjeoA60ik9xUABHczsJpY5AA5OxdoN2JPvKXUf7+qRt3Vdx5cH39U+Z1UNrYeVQ0lRr4HIUhXgIiQ4459OHvZ0ggyfxO0zOsqcOW4FOwNXhj+ccxOvyYGjFAbTibOoqAAOzCKoaIzUlswK3hrXXGZTUA/nA8nXRaZb/mxOLtAO09iVQLAAKA3czjJuqgZckyXkuTRjcUvix2kPp7zWuXddQsaHOJic3p3/k2qReXVuiWw2xf9nhLL5Igzaarie3OlsKWz6z+ZzebQZnxOKSKMDv8sNymLy8PvKATXf3SIzZSHQ2oILVcE2nfwJN albin@wks-albin" > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
#echo "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDN+n2Bxxk8gNm1HxVW2dwitaDEhmUvhQUYcZ25gwe16hVJg+QXq98I4AQ/nSGJz3BYqy5VuPLuHR2Lmr0eOYPJY/a3hIRtqvUf9OqA3qRKoLd3mQZWUtKArjZzV6OZwUxHf72iRiOhDw/3jKupwNkBYbRiEOE9NGNB93/aLXehFtm8Uhn7vJqkI7VSuo7ooZg36AzHyORlE9NKfGMuvUQT/JNT+QYfHN/fJqNrXrFI7PEXlh/ENLJMTc9RqeyQR5LrfBnew0XTknGohMd2Cr0TimQw7Hc4qk8l/xJygHYJzroRPh7swXuBIfOOnwzM+OYj/846OP8RYczP1LoZry9H g.lalleman@hegyd.com" > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
echo "ssh-dss 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 admin@backup.hegyd.com
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDfcJ8J5YR6F7qrYLuVJ3YIqOXqNvj1OnYd0zybZ45X+IeFKePo2hL1NHALHWxys6Qo4Ta3pPcRkliQBy51IIXOtNVp90C4XqTNkwaAl6X4RnPPoGNVgq1V53BW/mkUYsvLoYTJHokb+a3exGHCYaPbuj09FV5VVdF2uGUIiRyMZzmZurLCzySagP+8e34ZrLDlwwmDtd24CVc0OyxikqFOzzOkvCWTaAttGv7qyAlwjyAAMTqlJhqPNaCQcOJVEGiwXNlXqjroRJz7j4a3vEd3xujfY3zeSu9U22iCgAJWiLRI+M7m7af4/yxTV8IYNvpOMTjqMnxOEAKsiCLmrwUJ admin@backup.hegyd.com
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDSpLz0aUxPDyO5cXPm8HQkaNAUjNNULrhH8G3Nvw7SdhAvRVL9/RKzXu5Aa4nSQd0u61bWVlGvDVSSZgZGRnoxsmzK1aOJWcgJmhVI1r6o9fVKSxz/x+1uE8PFJxUVaGULoLvDRzZLDazg/c/Djb5AgTprmw8KvMKdcDk/kCixFmjEObuOwFbnA/ZbnHS8PPUgHSCwLNAQOUSZSLRZzEFRKO4+HCl5T7iZfCGd7dCInysG2tVzBJCqsN7hw5fhz49Kb1txa93dYhY7kh7SYqCYthGToqGVcDNQX7cXCP2Sqpw+2N/SAcke6E/MgalYAr40dIRRFuUJKX8LxLoko47r admin@rescue" >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 700 /root/.ssh
chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys

useradd -m -u 1020 -G fwadmin,dev,adm,staff,adm-projects,wheel -s /bin/bash mike
mkdir /home/mike/.ssh
chmod 700 /home/mike/.ssh
echo "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCrFOIGcDPe+LfoPc11vtv2EOVG63zBndLVnf48mC+krw2vXomDLXG+KnhIAx1yFhCh6B/8R9C3wMxwhghemE3succS+Q7Truu2pd7zDmDNn6cd8Iw02qe8dl3nZhVk5XtGMgeV3JRA7u8q32i4tadbONRICExjcm9pVL5wx5aLzNBtu1opyMdvHc0dBelghVa9kkg6bRri8AF38M16NTEqQNA7crwHHa9ZLBE+8xFWmkJdBJ7zRoR6XEwbOr020VEM+sKzCPl0sy606aW3bi59tYobqAGBjTglIOJWXKMxu1cPJnSCx6Xom9F6AeF1C4CghVrZpfu++XSmJQtXoId m.reault@hegyd.com" > /home/mike/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 600 /home/mike/.ssh/authorized_keys
chown -R mike:mike /home/mike/.ssh

useradd -m -u 1021 -G fwadmin,dev,adm,staff,adm-projects,wheel -s /bin/bash -p paCtx8rsjkGhQ admin
mkdir /home/admin/.ssh
chmod 700 /home/admin/.ssh
echo "ssh-dss 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 admin@backup.hegyd.com
ssh-dss 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 admin@SRV-ADMIN-HEGYD
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDSpLz0aUxPDyO5cXPm8HQkaNAUjNNULrhH8G3Nvw7SdhAvRVL9/RKzXu5Aa4nSQd0u61bWVlGvDVSSZgZGRnoxsmzK1aOJWcgJmhVI1r6o9fVKSxz/x+1uE8PFJxUVaGULoLvDRzZLDazg/c/Djb5AgTprmw8KvMKdcDk/kCixFmjEObuOwFbnA/ZbnHS8PPUgHSCwLNAQOUSZSLRZzEFRKO4+HCl5T7iZfCGd7dCInysG2tVzBJCqsN7hw5fhz49Kb1txa93dYhY7kh7SYqCYthGToqGVcDNQX7cXCP2Sqpw+2N/SAcke6E/MgalYAr40dIRRFuUJKX8LxLoko47r admin@rescue
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDfcJ8J5YR6F7qrYLuVJ3YIqOXqNvj1OnYd0zybZ45X+IeFKePo2hL1NHALHWxys6Qo4Ta3pPcRkliQBy51IIXOtNVp90C4XqTNkwaAl6X4RnPPoGNVgq1V53BW/mkUYsvLoYTJHokb+a3exGHCYaPbuj09FV5VVdF2uGUIiRyMZzmZurLCzySagP+8e34ZrLDlwwmDtd24CVc0OyxikqFOzzOkvCWTaAttGv7qyAlwjyAAMTqlJhqPNaCQcOJVEGiwXNlXqjroRJz7j4a3vEd3xujfY3zeSu9U22iCgAJWiLRI+M7m7af4/yxTV8IYNvpOMTjqMnxOEAKsiCLmrwUJ admin@backup.hegyd.com
" > /home/admin/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 600 /home/admin/.ssh/authorized_keys
chown -R admin:admin /home/admin/.ssh

useradd -m -u 1022 -G fwadmin,dev,adm,staff,adm-projects,wheel -s /bin/bash -p pa2TnhUhhBRfU support
mkdir /home/support/.ssh
chmod 700 /home/support/.ssh
touch /home/support/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 600 /home/support/.ssh/authorized_keys
chown -R support:support /home/support/.ssh

chmod 750 /home/*

#useradd -m -u 1002 -G fwadmin,dev,adm,staff,adm-projects,wheel -s /bin/bash gael
#mkdir /home/gael/.ssh
#chmod 700 /home/gael/.ssh
#echo "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDN+n2Bxxk8gNm1HxVW2dwitaDEhmUvhQUYcZ25gwe16hVJg+QXq98I4AQ/nSGJz3BYqy5VuPLuHR2Lmr0eOYPJY/a3hIRtqvUf9OqA3qRKoLd3mQZWUtKArjZzV6OZwUxHf72iRiOhDw/3jKupwNkBYbRiEOE9NGNB93/aLXehFtm8Uhn7vJqkI7VSuo7ooZg36AzHyORlE9NKfGMuvUQT/JNT+QYfHN/fJqNrXrFI7PEXlh/ENLJMTc9RqeyQR5LrfBnew0XTknGohMd2Cr0TimQw7Hc4qk8l/xJygHYJzroRPh7swXuBIfOOnwzM+OYj/846OP8RYczP1LoZry9H g.lalleman@hegyd.com" > /home/gael/.ssh/authorized_keys
#chmod 600 /home/gael/.ssh/authorized_keys
#chown -R gael:gael /home/gael/.ssh

• Configurer openssh-server

sed -i 's/^PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin without-password/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
cat >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config <<EOF

UseDns no
AllowUsers root mike admin support
EOF
service ssh reload

• Installer le serveur de mail local

debconf-set-selections <<EOF
postfix postfix/root_address    string
postfix postfix/rfc1035_violation       boolean false
postfix postfix/mydomain_warning        boolean
postfix postfix/mynetworks      string  127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
postfix postfix/mailname        string  $(hostname -f)
postfix postfix/tlsmgr_upgrade_warning  boolean
postfix postfix/recipient_delim string  +
postfix postfix/main_mailer_type        select  Internet Site
postfix postfix/destinations    string  $(hostname -f), localhost.$(hostname -f | sed -e 's/^[^.]\+\.\(.*\)$/\1/'), localhost
postfix postfix/retry_upgrade_warning   boolean
# Faut-il installer postfix malgré l'incompatibilité du noyau ?
postfix postfix/kernel_version_warning  boolean
postfix postfix/not_configured  error
postfix postfix/mailbox_limit   string  0
postfix postfix/relayhost       string
postfix postfix/procmail        boolean false
postfix postfix/bad_recipient_delimiter error
postfix postfix/protocols       select  ipv4
postfix postfix/chattr  boolean false
EOF
aptitude -y install postfix heirloom-mailx
sed -i -e '/^\/var\/log\/mail.log$/d' -e '/\/var\/log\/mail.info/i \
/var/log/mail.log\
{\
    rotate 4\
    weekly\
    missingok\
    notifempty\
    compress\
    delaycompress\
    create 640 root dev\
    sharedscripts\
    postrotate\
        invoke-rc.d rsyslog rotate > /dev/null\
    endscript\
}' /etc/logrotate.d/rsyslog
chgrp dev /var/log/mail.log

cat >> /etc/aliases <<EOF
root: tech@hegyd.com
mike: m.reault@netprestation.com
EOF
newaliases
service postfix reload

• Modifier les points de montage par défault en éditant le fichier "/etc/fstab" pour ajouter les options "noatime,barrier=0" à tout les montages ext4.

Exemple :

/dev/mapper/vg_vm-root        /                 ext4    errors=remount-ro,relatime 0 1
UUID=6f7256e5-a5e3-4019-9f08-c582c20ffceb /boot ext2    defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/vg_vm-home        /home             ext4    defaults,noatime,barrier=0 0 2
/dev/mapper/vg_algorel-tmp    /tmp              ext4    defaults,noatime,noexec,barrier=0 0 2
/dev/mapper/vg_algorel-var    /var              ext4    defaults,noatime 0 2

Pare feu

• Configurer le système

mkdir /etc/firewall
chgrp fwadmin /etc/firewall
chmod 2770 /etc/firewall
sed  -i -e '/^Defaults\s\+env_reset\s*$/aDefaults:%fwadmin   !lecture , passwd_timeout=1 , timestamp_timeout=1' -e "/^root\s\+ALL=(ALL:ALL)\s\+ALL\s*$/a%fwadmin  ALL = NOPASSWD: /etc/firewall/$(hostname -f).fw , /usr/bin/pkill" /etc/sudoers
sed -i "/^exit 0/i\/etc\/firewall\/$(hostname -f).fw" /etc/rc.local

• ajouter la vm dans le groupe virtualmachine de firewall builder

• Créer et déployer le par feu

Créer le firewall sur firewall-builder puis le déployer

Installation paquets clients

apt-get install mysql-client git

UTF-8 client / serveur

sed -i -e '/\[client\]/{n;n;/$/a \
default-character-set = utf8
}' \
 -e '/\[mysqld\]/a \
character_set_server    = utf8\
collation_server        = utf8_general_ci' \
 -e '/\[mysql\]/a \
default-character-set = utf8' /etc/mysql/my.cnf

Serveur de cache DNS local

• Suivre la procédure Bind

Monitoring / Supervision

• Installer et configurer Snmp
• Installer et configurer le client NRPE pour Debian

Sauvegarde

• Installer et configurer Bacula#Debian